5 gallons (19 liters) Recipe calculated at 75% efficiency Original Gravity 1060 (14.8 °P) Bitterness: 49 IBU All-grain recipe: 7.5
For at least a thousand years, the ability to brew beer in excess of local needs and ship it off
94 Bavarian Heller Doppelbock, Privatbrauerei Plank-Laaber (Germany). 7.8% ABV (5/08) Slightly hazy golden amber color. Wet grain, pudding and clay
According to EC law, Trappist ale may only come from seven abbeys of the Trappist order, six in Belgium and one in Holland, that still brew beer on their premises. Although the styles may differ widely among them, they share a common trait of being top-fermented, strong, bottle-conditioned, complex, and fully-flavored brews. These can often improve with some years of cellaring. In all, there are about 20 different Trappist beers from the seven monasteries: Achel, Chimay, Koningshoeven, Rochefort, Orval, Westmalle, and Westvleteren. Chimay and Orval are currently well distributed in the major U.S. markets, but the others might prove hard to find on a consistent basis. Trappist ales are among the most complex and old-fashioned of beers that one can find — little wonder that many connoisseurs treat them as the holy grail of beer drinking.
Monastic, or abbey, ales are an ancient tradition in Belgium, in much the same manner as wine production was once closely associated with monastic life in ancient France. Currently, very few working monasteries brew beer within the order, but many have licensed the production of beers bearing their abbey name to large commercial brewers. These “abbey ales” can vary enormously in specific character, but most are quite strong in alcohol content, ranging from 6 percent alcohol by volume (ABV) to as high as 10 percent. Generally, abbey ales are labeled as either “dubbel” or “trippel,” though this is not a convention that is slavishly adhered to. The former conventionally denotes a relatively less alcoholic and often darker beer, while the latter can often be lighter or blond in color and have a syrupy, alcoholic mouthfeel that invites sipping, not rapid drinking. The lowest gravity abbey ale in a Belgian brewer’s range will conventionally be referred to as a “singel,” though it is rarely labeled as such.
Saison beers are distinctive specialty beers from the Belgian province of Hainuat. These beers were originally brewed in the early spring for summer consumption, though contemporary Belgian saisons are brewed all year round with pale malts and are well dosed with English and Belgian hop varieties. Lively carbonation ensues from a secondary fermentation in the bottle. The color is classically golden orange and the flavors are refreshing with citrus and fruity hop notes. Sadly, these beers are under-appreciated in their home country and their production is limited to a small number of artisanal producers who keep this style alive. With a typically hoppy character, saisons are an esoteric style of beer that should appeal to any devotees of U.S. craft beers, if you can track them down. Occasionally, U.S. brewpubs will attempt a version.
These are Belgian-styled ales to which herbs, fruits, or atypical spices have been added in order to impart flavor or color. Depending on whether or not the seasonings have been used in the fermentation or as an addition of juice or extract, the beer will have more or less of the desired character. These beers are highly individualistic, and they allow the brewers great creativity in their formulations. They will range from mild aromatic overtones to intense and pungently-flavored concoctions.
These are complex dark beers most closely associated with the town of Oudenaarde in Flanders. The authentic examples are medium- to full-bodied beers that are influenced by a number of factors: high bicarbonate in the brewing water to give a frothy texture; a complex mix of yeasts and malts; blending of aged beers; and aging in bottle before release. In the best examples, the flavor profile is reminiscent of olives, raisins and brown spices, and could be described as “sweet and sour.” These beers are not hop-accented and are of low bitterness.
This is a not a classic style, but nonetheless encapsulates various beers of a similar Belgian theme that do not fit into the more classic mold. Expect amber-hued, fruity and moderately strong ales (6 percent ABV) with a yeasty character. Typical examples of the style would be Flemish beers such as De Koninck and Straffe Hendrik.
Kölsch is an ale style emanating from Cologne in Germany. In Germany (and the European Community) the term is strictly legally limited to the beers from within the city environs of Cologne. Simply put, kölsch has the color of a pilsner with some of the fruity character of an ale. This is achieved with the use of top-fermenting yeasts and pale pilsner malts. The hops are accented on the finish, which classically is dry and herbal. It is a medium- to light-bodied beer and delicate in style. Most examples in the United States are brewpub draft interpretations produced during the summer months, though some commercial brewers produce a summer ale in the kölsch style.
